Carpet Fibers
Fiber
is carpet’s basic ingredient. The type of fiber used and the way
the carpet is constructed determine how well the carpet will stand
up to spills, pets, and daily traffic. Approximately 97 percent
of all carpet is produced using synthetic fibers that are designed
to feature style, easy maintenance, and outstanding value. There
are five basic types of carpet pile fibers.
Nylon:
It is the most popular and represents two-thirds of the pile
fibers used in the United States. Wear-resistant, resilient,
withstands the weight and movement of furniture, and provides
brilliant color. Ability to conceal and resist soils and stains.
Generally good for all traffic areas. Solution-dyed nylon is
colorfast because color is added in the fiber production.
Olefin
(polypropylene): Strong, resists wear and permanent
stains, and is easily cleaned. Notably colorfast because color
is added during fiber production. Resists static electricity
and is often used in both indoor and outdoor installations because
of its resistance to moisture and mildew. Used in synthetic
turf for sports surfaces, and in the home for patios and game
rooms. Many Berbers are made of olefin.
Polyester:
Noted for luxurious, soft "hand" when used in thick, cut-pile
textures. Has excellent color clarity and retention. Easily
cleaned, and resistant to water-soluble stains.
Acrylic:
Offers the appearance and feel of wool without the cost. Has
low static level and is moisture and mildew-resistant. Commonly
used in velvet and level-loop constructions, and often in bath
and scatter rugs.
Wool:
Noted for its luxury and performance, wool is soft, has high
bulk, and is available in many colors. Generally, wool is somewhat
more expensive than synthetic fibers.
Blends:
A wool/nylon blend combines the superior look and comfort
of wool with the durability of nylon. Acrylic/olefin and nylon/olefin
are other popular blends, offering good characteristics of each
fiber.
Quality
Factors
The type of fiber used and the way the carpet is
constructed determines the basic performance of the carpet. Quality
can be enhanced by the way the fibers, or yarns, are twisted and
heat set, and by the density of the tufts. Deep pile height that’s
densely tufted, has a luxurious feel; however, pile height is
really a matter of personal choice and does not, in itself, denote
durability.
